This talk will introduce new tools to create and to interact with well-defined neuronal networks. For example, asymmetric PDMS microchannels can be used to guide the axonal growth in the desired direction on top of microelectrode arrays‎ while nanochannels enable the tuning of the connectivity between pre- and postsynaptic neurons‎. This allows studying fundamental neuroscience paradigms and enables the creation of arbitrary network architectures with real neurons, including human iPSC-derived cells towards personalized medicine. Special focus will be dedicated to a multi-compartment model consisting of several nodes with CNS neurons connected to nodes containing DRGs. An automated pick-and-place methodology is used to add the desired number and type of cells or spheroids into each compartment. A realistic sensory nerve model is obtained by guiding the axons to human primary keratinocytes using microchannels. Swann cells can also be added to attempt myelination.

Spontaneous spiking activity can be followed with single neuron resolution using high density microelectrode arrays and the nerve can also be stimulated at any location. This provides unprecedented information about the (dis-)function of nerves with the opportunity to identify various disease mechanisms and to distinguish between patient-groups.