Neuropathic pain is a common chronic pain condition that affects 7–10% of people worldwide. However, it is expected that the incidence of neuropathic pain will enhance due to the ageing population, the increase in cancer incidence and, consequently, chemotherapy use for cancer treatment. Pain is one of the most frequent and disabling symptoms of cancer that tumour and anticancer therapy can cause. Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic and one of the most efficacious chemotherapeutic drugs to treat several solid tumours. However, its clinical efficacy is frequently limited due to a high incidence of peripheral neuropathy which can affect up to 85% of cisplatin-treated patients. Thus, studying the mechanisms involved in cisplatin-induced pain development is of great relevance since that could help to search for better therapeutic options to manage this painful condition.